The Geological Museum of Apeiranthos was established in 1964; at the beginning it was housed in the elementary school of the village. The museum closed in the period of the dictatorship of 1967 and reopened in 1987, thanks to the efforts of Manolis Glezos, the famous partisan of the World War II, who had also donated to the museum his collection of rocks and fossils. Ever since the museum keeps operating and attracts the interest of numerous visitors, since it is one of the richest geological museums in Greece. Of course, the commonest rock displayed is the local emery, a dark and hard rock whose exploitation has offered prosperity and affluence to the island for a long time.

There are also displayed samples of various rocks and ore coming both from Naxos and from other islands of Cyclades. Thus, the visitor will see beautiful marble from Naxos and Paros, sharp obsidian blades coming from Melos and volcanic material from Santorini. The museum has also samples from volcanic rocks coming from Aetna and Vesuvius, bauxite and other ore from Brazil and small pieces of meteoric stones. Thanks to the special equipment available, the museum offers to the visitors the chance of enjoying the nice colors of some stones, invisible with naked eye. Finally, one of the most interesting and important exhibits are certainly the fossil bones of the dwarf-elephant which lived on the island of Naxos, some 70.000 years ago.